Those who have a cup of coffee in the morning are at a lower risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases and a lower overall mortality risk compared with those who had coffee all day, research published in the European Heart Journal has found.
The research was led by Dr Lu Qi, HCA Regents Distinguished Chair and Professor at the Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine at Tulane University, New Orleans, USA.
“Research so far suggests that drinking coffee doesn’t raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, and it seems to lower the risk of some chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes,” he said. “Given the effects that caffeine has on our bodies, we wanted to see if the time of day when you drink coffee has any impact on heart health.”
The study looked at 40,725 adults in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. As a part of the study, participants were asked about all the food and drink they had over at least a single day. This included whether they drank coffee, how much, and when. It also included another group of 1,463 people who were asked to complete a detailed food and drink diary over an entire week.
The researchers were able to connect this information with records of deaths and causes of deaths over a nine to ten year period. Around 36% of those in the study primarily drank coffee before midday, 16% drank it throughout the day, and 48% were not coffee drinkers.
Compared with people who didn’t have any, morning drinkers were 16% less likely to die of any cause and 31% less likely to die from cardiovascular diseases. There had been no reduction in the risk for all-day coffee drinkers compared with non-coffee drinkers.
Morning coffee drinkers, according to the study, benefitted from lower risk, whether they were moderate (two to three cups) or heavy drinkers (more than three). Light morning drinkers, those who had one or fewer cups, had a smaller decrease in risk.
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